Critical Review of Leadership and Management Essay

Critical Review of Leadership and Management - Essay Example They include planning, leading, organizing, staffing, coordination and control of the organization. Additionally, for management to be successful, they all the principles have to be involved in the management process. Globalization has led to the increase in the entry of new firms into the market leading to increased competition (Minkova 25). For a firm to make it and obtain a larger market share, the organization has to employ a perfect and skilled management. Management operation managers are the leaders of most of the roles in the organizations. These leaders have to be chosen wisely since they are the core of operations that determine the failure of success of a firm. The level of technology also affects the type of management and their approaches to help they attain the set goals and objectives (Saxena 25). However, the main observed management competence is communication. It involves communication skills involved in the conveying of messages from one department to another. Mana gement systems include human action that is taken to employ various strategies such as redesigning the workplace to come up with a better management system. To be a manager, one has to manage him/herself before managing the other employees. These are part of the work and leadership ethics. According to most economists, they contribute to the growth an expansion of a business or organization. Management competences have to be put in place to help in the management process in an organization. This is due to the network of senior and junior employees who all have to contribute to help in the success of the organization. The observed management competence in the organization is communication since it has contributed to most of the successes of the organizations. Communication may between employees of the same rank or different ranks. It may also be between employees, customers, suppliers and the external environment (Schmid 48). Communication is a major aspect of success. For high compe tence levels, firms should employ good communication skills in the management systems. Communication may be oral or written. All channels of communication should be able to be accessed by the workers. Channels of communication include those from the same rank (also known as horizontal communications channels) and those from staff in the different rank (also known as vertical communication channels). Vertical communication channels between the junior and senior staff should be put in place to make sure that they interact freely. This will create room for brainstorming and provision of new ideas and innovations that will help in the success of the business. In most cases, it is used as a competitive strategy. Managers should be able to pass information without any barrier to the junior staff issuing them with the right duties. Horizontal communication channels on the other hand include passing information between staff members of the same rank. It happens after information is received from the higher management systems. Duties are shared among the staff members, and the results sent back to the managers. From observations in the organization’s management, the communication levels between employees were not in the right manner. This is because most of the members did not have proper communication channels. They relationship between the employees acted as a communication barrier. When employees are not in good terms with each other, they tend not to talk or communicate with each other in any manner. Due to these reasons, the managers are not able to pass on information to their juniors in the expected channels. In the end, it contributes to the failure of the

Propaganda Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Propaganda - Essay Example Or it is being associated with something that is identified as a wrong or incorrect. However, in certain Latin countries, such association is rare rather propaganda is linked with the term of advertising. However, in both the world wars, both sides heavily used the tool of propaganda against each other openly terming their actions something deceptive or something that cannot be trusted. Additionally, intent is a necessary condition for the purpose of propaganda (Cunningham, 2002). Propaganda is based certain characteristics- such as time, total, truth, trust and trigger. Each element of propaganda is separately usable both in wartime as well as in peacetime. Basically, propaganda is a type of persuasion determined and implemented to keep a targeted audience to think in the required way. And it is used to target on the emotional side of the targeted audience rather than on the logical and argumentative side. As most of the time propaganda does not look logical, some propaganda techniq ues are used to do so. First, trigger is used like a bandwagon appeal. In which, the audience is emotionally molded in a way to do something because everybody else is having and doing it. It is based on the concept of molding an aggregate behavior and action. Consequently, the audience is asked to follow the trend. Additionally, a stereotype or total concept of propaganda is based on a fixed idea relating to all members of a group. As a result, actions of all group members are observed with only one single but total idea and on the basis of it, the members of the group cannot be separately identified. Additionally, trust is established when a testimonial comes from a personal recommendation of a famous or renowned personality from or the one who can be trusted because of its position or bearing on to the topic. It can be a personality, institution or anything else on which mostly creditability is attached. As a result, trust is established and used. It can be used for either negativ e or positive propaganda. However, most of the time, in advertising campaigns such characteristics of propaganda is used to achieve the desired outcomes. In the given picture, a non-verbal propaganda may be used with integration propaganda. Integration propaganda is defined as an attempt to depict the interests and positions represented by officials, who support a particular propaganda message. It is an American flag carrying words â€Å"Thank you.† Now, nothing is appearing anything suggesting being a part of propaganda. There is no extra message written on it. It would have been a propaganda message if it had certain words or sentences like ones mentioned at website-civilization.ca, where certain historical posters are provided on which a flag with additional words or sentences are written in a way to propagate certain information such as â€Å"HELP THE BOYS TO KEEP THEM RUNNING† (Civilization. Ca, n.d). Additionally, above mentioned sentence is not only provided wit h some soldiers, but also it is being shown that they are in trouble, they are being fired by the enemy forces and they must be helped. Such propaganda posters represent the way propaganda should take place as they have certain emotional attachment and emotional appeal as well. On the other hand, the given picture holds nothing